Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Western Indian Type 2 Diabetic Population: A Hospital – Based Cross – Sectional Study
Published: July 1, 2013 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2013/.3146
Piyush Rameshchandra Ramavat, Manish Rameshchandra Ramavat,
Balaji Wasudeo Ghugare, Rohini G. Vaishnav, Manjiri Uttam Joshi
1. Senior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology,
R.M.L. Hospital, New Delhi, India.
2. Professor and Head, Department of Physiology,
GMERS Medical College Patan, Gujarat, India.
3. Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology,
GMERS Medical College, Gotri, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
4. Dental Surgeon, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
5. Reader, Oral Medicine & Radiology MP Dental College &
Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Correspondence
Dr Balaji W Ghugare,
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology,
D-60, Shivanjali Society, Gotri Road, Vadodara,
Gujarat, India.
Phone: 08460296559
E-mail: mulbala@gmail.com
Context: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) can be defined as a damage which is caused to microvasculature in the retina by prolonged hyperglycaemia. Various studies have been conducted in south India, to find out prevalence of DR. It remains a less explored domain among type 2 diabetic patients in western India.
Objectives: (1) To assess prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 DM in western Indian population. and (2) To find out effect of duration of diabetes on severity of DR in this population.
Study Design: A hospital – based, cross – sectional study.
Materials and Methods: A total of 168 patients with type 2 DM underwent detailed opthalmoscopic examinations for DR. The ETDRS classification was followed to categorize retinopathy in different stages.
Results: We observed that overall, prevalence of DR in type 2 patients of western India was 33.9%. Prevalences of non-proliferative DR and proliferative DR were 25.5% and 8.33% respectively. Statistically significant differences (p value<0.05) were observed between prevalences of DR in each group of patients which was classified, and duration of diabetes. Prevalence of CSME (clinically significant macular oedema) was 6.5%. Associated hypertension showed a statistically significant (p value<0.05%), higher prevalence of DR.
Conclusion: This study concluded that prevalence of DR in type 2 DM patients of western India was 33.9% and that it increased with duration of diabetes. Associated hypertension is a risk factor for development of DR. It was further noted that proliferative DR was prevalent only after having diabetes for 11 years.
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